
The magnetic power of a symbol, in our lives,
can bring together inner and outer events in ways that shift our perception of
reality. We learn best about these things through direct experience, and
through stories - like Jung's fish tales - that we can trust.
When Jung was immersed in his study of the symbolism of the fish
in Christianity, alchemy and world mythology, the theme started leaping at him
in everyday life. On April 1, 1949, he made some notes about an ancient
inscription describing a man whose bottom half was a fish. At lunch that day,
he was served fish. In the conversation, there was talk of the custom of making
an "April fish" - a European term for "April fool" - of
someone.
In the afternoon, a former patient of Jung's, whom he had not
seen for months, arrived at his house and displayed him some
"impressive" pictures of fish. That evening, Jung was shown
embroidery that featured fishy sea monsters. The next day, another former
patient he had not seen in a decade recounted a dream in which a large fish
swam towards her.
Several months later, mulling over this sequence as an example of the
phenomenon he dubbed synchronicity, Jung walked by the lake near his house,
returning to the same spot several times. The last time he repeated this loop,
he found a fish a foot long lying on top of the sea-wall. Jung had seen no one
else on the lake shore that morning. While the fish might have been dropped by
a bird, its appearance seemed to him quite magical, part of a "run of
chance" in which more than "chance" seemed to be at
play.
If we're keeping count (as Jung did) this sequence includes six discrete
instances of meaningful coincidence, five of them bobbing up, like koi in a
pond, within 24 hours, and all reflecting Jung's preoccupation with the
symbolism of the fish. Such unlikely riffs of coincidence prompted Jung to ask
whether it is possible that the physical world mirrors psychic processes
"as continuously as the psyche perceives the physical world."
In her discussion of how inner and outer events can mirror each
other, Jungian analyst Marie-Louise von Franz suggested that "if the
psychic mirrorings of the material world - in short, the natural sciences -
really constitute valid statements about matter, then the reverse
mirror-relation would also have to be valid. This would mean that material
events in the external world would have to be regarded as statements about
conditions in the objective psyche."
Some of the greatest minds of the past century - Jung and Wolfgang Pauli
and David Bohm - sought to model a universe in which mind and matter, subject
and object, inner and outer, are everywhere interweaving. Events, both physical
and psychic, unfold from a unified field, the unus
mundus of the alchemists, that may be synonymous with
Bohm's "implicate order", Their interaction escapes our ordinary
perception of causation and of time and space. “Precisely because the psychic
and the physical are mutually dependent...they may be identical somewhere
beyond our present experience.”
Living symbols deeply ingrained in the imaginal history of humankind are
charged with magnetic force, which can draw clusters of events together. For
those familiar with tarot, it feels at such moments as if one of the Greater
Trumps is at play in the world. Traditional diviners understand this, as do
true priests and priestesses. Thus one of the Odu, or patterns, of Ifa, the
oracle of the Yoruba, is held to bring the fierce orisha Ogun into the space, while
another is believed to carry spirits of the dead into the realm of the living.
When that happens, you don't just study the pattern; you move to accommodate or
propitiate the power that is manifesting.
To grasp the full power of a symbol, we need to go back to the root
meaning of the word. "Symbol" is derived from the Greek σύμβολον
(sýmbolon) which combines συν- (syn-) meaning "together" and βολή
(bolē) a "throw" or a "cast" A symbol is that which is
"thrown together" or "cast together". This is very close to
the root meaning of "coincidence". In Latin, to coincide is to
"fall together". So it's not surprising that when symbols are in
play, coincidence multiplies.
The first literary mention of a symbol is in the Homeric Hymn to
Hermes, in which the god Hermes exclaims, on finding a tortoise, "O what a
happy symbol for me", before turning the tortoise shell into a lyre. In
the ancient world, sýmbolon came to mean a token, that which
brings things together. Thus a symbol might be a pair of tokens that could be
fitted together to make a single object. Such tokens might be broken halves of
potsherd, a ring or a seal. They would vouch for the truthfulness of a
messenger, or an enduring loyalty.
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Jung
noted in his foreword to his most important work on synchronicity that "my
researches into the history of symbols. and of the fish symbol in particular,
brought the problem [of explaining synchronicity] ever closer to
me" His experiences of symbols irrupting into the physical world
led him to sympathize with Goethe's magical view that "We all have
certain electric and magnetic powers within us and ourselves exercise an
attractive and repelling force, according as we come into touch with something
like or unlike." Such powers are magnified when our minds
and our environment are charged with the energy of a living symbol.
Graphic: Oannes, from a relief in the Assyrian city of Dur-Sharrukin, today called Khorsabad.